What allowed all white males to vote without restrictions based on property ownership or religion?

The correct response is rooted in the historical context of expanding democracy in the early 19th century. Universal White Male Suffrage refers to the movement that aimed to eliminate property requirements and religious tests that had previously restricted voting rights. As state constitutions were revised during this period, many states began to grant voting rights to all white males regardless of their economic status or religious beliefs. This shift was part of a wider democratization trend that emphasized individual rights and expanded participation in the electoral process, reflecting broader changes in American society including increased political participation and the rise of populist movements.

In contrast, the term "Selective Suffrage" suggests continued restrictions on voting rights, which does not align with the idea of universal suffrage. The term "Common Franchise" is less commonly used in this context, as it does not specifically denote the removal of restrictions for all white males. The "Equal Representation Act" does not have historical significance related to the specific suffrage expansion of white males during this period. Therefore, Universal White Male Suffrage appropriately captures the essence of this key development in American voting rights.