What concept did Henry David Thoreau champion by refusing to pay the toll-tax?

Henry David Thoreau championed the concept of civil disobedience by refusing to pay the toll-tax. This act of noncompliance was a form of protest against the government’s actions, particularly its support for slavery and the Mexican-American War, which Thoreau opposed. In his essay "Civil Disobedience," Thoreau argues that individuals should not permit governments to overrule or atrophy their consciences. By deliberately choosing to break the law rather than comply with an unjust mandate, he demonstrated the principle that individuals have a moral duty to resist laws and government actions that they believe are unjust. This notion has had a profound influence on various movements advocating for social justice, emphasizing the idea that peaceful resistance to unjust laws can bring about social change.