Which term refers to loyalty to one's own region rather than the nation as a whole?

The term that refers to loyalty to one's own region rather than to the nation as a whole is sectionalism. This concept became particularly prominent in the United States during the antebellum period, leading up to the Civil War, as regions such as the North and South developed distinct economic, social, and political identities. Sectionalism reflects the prioritization of regional interests, which often created divisions and conflicts between different areas of the country.

Nationalism, in contrast, emphasizes strong allegiance to the nation as a whole, promoting unity and pride in national identity. Isolationism pertains to a foreign policy perspective that advocates for avoiding international alliances or engagements, while patriotism involves love for one’s country, which can cross sectional boundaries. Sectionalism, therefore, highlights the fractures that can occur within a nation when loyalty is directed toward regions instead of a unified national identity.